What learning process is emphasized in the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis?

The focus of the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis is on the idea that students naturally acquire language through interaction in authentic contexts, rather than merely through formal instruction or conscious effort. This theory, proposed by Stephen Krashen, distinguishes between 'acquisition'—the subconscious process by which language skills are picked up through meaningful communication—and 'learning,' which is the conscious understanding of grammatical rules and vocabulary.

The emphasis on natural acquisition aligns with the belief that language is best learned in real-life situations, where learners engage in meaningful communication and receive input that is slightly above their current proficiency level. This interaction promotes a more instinctive grasp of the language, as opposed to rote memorization or formal education methods, which may not foster the same deep understanding or fluency. Thus, the idea that students acquire language through real-world interactions is the core tenet of the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis.